What is the production process of glass making? We can see the shadow of the glass in many areas of daily life, the glass can be used to drink water, can be filled with fruit juice, then, master the glass production process?
1. Glass
Glass refers to the glass made of water cups, usually from raw materials of high borosilicate glass, through the high temperature of 600 degrees Celsius fired, it is a new energy-saving cup, and more and more get our favorite.
2. The advantage of the glass
Because the glass is not rich in machine compounds in the process of firing when we drink water or other healthy drinks with the glass, do not worry about the precipitation of compounds, that will be drunk into the stomach; In addition, because the glass surface is smooth and clean, it is very easy to clean, germs and stains are difficult to breed in the cup, so we use the glass to drink water is the most physical and mental health, the most safe and reliable.
3. What is the production process of glass making?
① Seasoning, according to the design of the good material list, weighs a variety of raw materials in a mixing machine mixed evenly. The key raw materials of glass are quartz sand, dolomite, marble, ammonium bicarbonate, boric acid, and so on.
② Melting, the selected raw materials through continuous high-temperature heating, producing a balanced glass liquid without bubbles. This is a very complicated physical and chemical process of change. The melting of glass is carried out in the melting kiln. There are three types of key melting kilns: one is the Tong pan kiln, the glass material is held in the crucible, and the heat is heated outside the tong pan.
(3) Forming is to convert the molten glass liquid into a solid product with a fixed and immobile form. Forming must be carried out within a certain temperature range, which is a whole process of refrigeration, the glass first changes from a viscous liquid to a plastic state, and then into a ductile solid. Forming methods can be divided into two categories: artificial forming and mechanical equipment forming:
A. Artificial form. Also:
(1) Blowing, with a nickel-chromium alloy blowing ash, pick a ball of glass in the mold shell side by side blowing. The key is used to form glass bubbles, bottles, balls, etc.
(2) Drawing, after blowing out the bubbles, another worker sticks with the top plate, and two people blow while pulling the key for the production of glass tubes or rods.
(3) Inhibit, pick a group of glass, cut it with scissors so that it falls into the concave mold, and then press with the mold base. The key is used to form cups, plates, etc.
(4) Shape at will, and use needle-nose pliers, scissors, medical tweezers, and other special tools to immediately make art.
B. Mechanical equipment forming. Due to the high labor efficiency, high temperature, and standard deviation of artificial forming, in addition to random forming, most of them have been replaced by mechanical equipment forming. Mechanical equipment forming in addition to suppression, blowing, drawing, but also --
(1) Injection molding method, used for the production of thick tablet glass, carved glass, wire glass, etc.
(2) Casting method, the production of electronic optical glass.
(3) Centrifugal casting method is used to produce glass tubes, containers, and reaction POTS with large outer diameters. This also introduces the glass melt into the high-speed formwork, because the centripetal force makes the glass close to the inner wall of the formwork, and the rotation is carried out again until the glass hardens.
(4) Calcination method for the production of foam glass. It is the addition of polyurethane blowing agent in glass powder, in the covered metal material mold temperature, the glass in the heating operation process to produce many closed acne bubbles, which is also an effective heat insulation, and sound absorption material.
4. Quench. The glass is subjected to strong temperature changes and appearance changes during the forming process, which leave internal stresses in the glass. Such internal stresses reduce the strength and heat resistance of the glass product. If cooled immediately, it is likely to spontaneously crack during storage, transport, and use during the cooling process or after.